The Planning and Preparations for the Battle of Kursk Vol 1 - Valeriy Zamulin (translated by Stuart Britton)

This review has been submitted to the Canadian Army Journal 

Title: The Planning and Preparations for the Battle of Kursk Vol 1
Author: Valeriy Zamulin (translated by Stuart Britton)
ISBN: 978-1-914059-22-3
Publisher: Helion and Company
Year: 2021
Softcover
Pages: 565
Photographs/maps: 36/7

Valeriy Zamulin's "The Planning and Preparations for the Battle of Kursk Vol 1" is a remarkable addition to the extensive literature on World War II. This meticulously researched and expertly crafted volume offers a comprehensive exploration of the planning and preparations that led up to one of the most pivotal battles in history, the Battle of Kursk.

Zamulin, a renowned Russian military historian, brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise to this project. He draws from an impressive array of primary sources, including German and Soviet archival materials, personal diaries, and interviews with veterans who participated in the battle. This exhaustive research allows him to present a multifaceted and nuanced perspective on the events leading up to the Battle of Kursk.

The book is organized into a clear and logical structure, which aids readers in navigating the complex historical context. Zamulin begins by setting the stage, describing the strategic situation on the Eastern Front in 1943. He highlights the German defeat at Stalingrad and the subsequent Soviet offensive, which put the Red Army on the offensive for the first time in the war. The first half of the book is focussed upon the German preparations, while the second concentrates on the Russian efforts. Each covers the same time period leading up to the Battle itself.

One of the strengths of Zamulin's work is his attention to detail. He meticulously examines the decisions made by both the German High Command, led by Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, and the Soviet High Command, headed by Marshal Georgy Zhukov. He dissects the strategic and tactical considerations that influenced their planning, providing readers with a deep understanding of the thought processes behind these critical decisions. Another stellar element of the book is its comprehensive exploration of the how, (relating to the methodologies), the adversaries planned their offense/defence.

Zamulin's analysis of the German preparations for the battle is particularly illuminating. He delves into the logistical challenges faced by the Wehrmacht, including shortages of tanks, fuel, and experienced personnel. This detailed examination challenges the traditional narrative that the Germans were on the brink of victory and reveals the vulnerabilities and limitations of the German war machine.

Equally important is Zamulin's exploration of the Soviet side of the equation. He sheds light on the extensive preparations undertaken by the Red Army, including the construction of elaborate defensive fortifications and the assembly of a formidable armored force. Zamulin's research dispels the myth that the Soviets relied solely on numerical superiority, demonstrating the sophistication of their planning and the effectiveness of their defensive measures.

One of the book's standout features is its focus on the human aspect of warfare. Zamulin weaves personal stories and firsthand accounts into his narrative, allowing readers to connect with the individuals who lived through this tumultuous period. These personal insights humanize the conflict, making it more relatable and emotionally resonant.

Furthermore, Zamulin's writing style is engaging and accessible. He avoids unnecessary jargon and provides clear explanations of military terminology and concepts. This approach makes the book accessible to both military history enthusiasts and general readers with an interest in World War II.

While Zamulin's research is comprehensive, it is worth noting that "The Planning and Preparations for the Battle of Kursk Vol 1" is just the first volume in a series. As such, the book primarily covers the period leading up to the battle and the initial stages of the conflict. Readers seeking a detailed analysis of the battle itself may need to turn to subsequent volumes in the series.

In conclusion, Valeriy Zamulin's "The Planning and Preparations for the Battle of Kursk Vol 1" is a masterful work of military history that offers a deep and nuanced examination of the events leading up to the Battle of Kursk. Zamulin's meticulous research, engaging writing style, and focus on the human element of warfare make this book a valuable addition to the library of anyone interested in World War II history. It challenges existing narratives and provides a fresh perspective on a pivotal moment in the conflict. As we await subsequent volumes in the series, Zamulin's work stands as a testament to the importance of understanding the planning and preparations that shaped the course of history on the Eastern Front.

Theirs the Strife: The Forgotten Battles of British Second Army and Armeegruppe Blumentritt, April 1945 - John Russell

This review has been submitted to Iron Cross Magazine 

Title: Theirs the Strife: The Forgotten Battles of British Second Army and Armeegruppe Blumentritt, April 1945
Author: John Russell
ISBN: 978-1-914059-39-1
Publisher: Helion and Company
Year: 2020
Softcover
Pages: 502
Photographs/maps: 97/100

In "Theirs the Strife," John Russell delves deep into the often-overlooked events of April 1945, focusing on the lesser-known battles between the British Second Army and Armeegruppe Blumentritt during the waning days of World War II. Russell's meticulous research and engaging narrative shed light on a crucial yet forgotten chapter of the war, offering readers a fresh perspective on the final stages of the conflict in Europe.

Russell begins by setting the stage, providing a comprehensive overview of the situation in April 1945. The Allied forces, having crossed the Rhine, were rapidly advancing towards the heart of Nazi Germany. Meanwhile, Armeegruppe Blumentritt, a German formation tasked with defending the northern front, was desperately trying to delay the inevitable collapse of the Third Reich. The British Second Army, led by General Miles Dempsey, found itself at the forefront of this final push.

One of the strengths of Russell's book is his ability to bring the key figures to life. General Dempsey, his subordinates, and their German counterparts are portrayed as real individuals facing unimaginable challenges. This humanizing approach allows readers to empathize with the soldiers and commanders on both sides, making the narrative all the more compelling. Of particular note is the styles of leadership exhibited by the different commanders; Blumentritt, on one hand, desperately keeping his forces motivated and fighting despite the obvious fact that Germany had lost the war and Dempsey, equally striving to keep his forces focussed on forcing the destruction of Germans all the while knowing that the end was very close.

Russell's writing style is both accessible and engaging. He seamlessly blends personal accounts, official documents, and strategic analysis, providing a well-rounded view of the battles. This approach not only keeps the reader engaged but also adds depth to the historical events, enabling a better understanding of the decisions made by military leaders.

The author's research is meticulous and evident throughout the book. Russell draws from a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including diaries, letters, official reports, and post-war interviews. This depth of research is particularly evident in his descriptions of the battles themselves. Readers will find themselves immersed in the chaos and brutality of the frontline, gaining a newfound appreciation for the sacrifices made by those who fought.

One of the book's standout features is its exploration of the tactical and logistical challenges faced by both sides. Russell highlights the complexities of maneuvering large armies in the final stages of a war, where supply lines are stretched thin, and the enemy is desperate. His analysis of the strategic decisions made by Dempsey and Blumentritt adds a layer of depth to the narrative, revealing the intricate chess game that unfolded on the battlefield.

Furthermore, "Theirs the Strife" offers valuable insights into the moral and ethical dilemmas faced by soldiers on both sides as the war neared its end. Russell does not shy away from discussing the atrocities committed by the Germans or the moral quandaries faced by Allied soldiers in the face of such horrors. This exploration of the human side of war adds a thought-provoking dimension to the book.

While "Theirs the Strife" is a compelling and well-researched work, it is not without its minor flaws. Some readers may find the sheer amount of detail daunting at times, and the book's narrow focus on a specific time and place may limit its appeal to a broader audience. This fact is offset however, by the authors generous use of maps and photographs to aid in the visualization of the conditions and tactics faced and utilized by both sides.

In conclusion, John Russell's "Theirs the Strife" is a valuable addition to the literature on World War II. By resurrecting the forgotten battles of April 1945, Russell sheds light on the courage and determination of the soldiers who fought on both sides. His meticulous research, engaging narrative, and humanizing approach make this book a must-read for history enthusiasts seeking a deeper understanding of the final days of the war in Europe. While it may not be a comprehensive account of World War II, it is a compelling exploration of a critical and often overlooked chapter in history.

The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 3: The Panzer Division - Thomas Anderson

This review has been submitted to Military History Online.

Title: The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 3: The Panzer Division
Author: Thomas Anderson
ISBN: 978-1-4728-3389-1
Publisher: Osprey
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 288
Photos/Maps: 100’s/0

Thomas Anderson's "The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 3: The Panzer Division" is a meticulously crafted and insightful addition to the study of World War II military history. In this volume, Anderson delves into the evolution, strategies, and impact of the German Panzer divisions, shedding light on their pivotal role in shaping the course of the war.

With a clear and engaging writing style, Anderson navigates through the intricate details of the Panzer divisions' formation, development, and deployment. He masterfully blends historical context with strategic analysis, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the Panzerwaffe's significance within the broader context of the war. This book is not only a must-read for military enthusiasts but also for those seeking a deeper grasp of the dynamics that shaped the conflict.

One of the standout features of Anderson's work is his attention to detail. He meticulously outlines the organizational structures, equipment, and tactical innovations that allowed Panzer divisions to dominate on the battlefield. By presenting a thorough exploration of each division's strengths and weaknesses, he offers readers a well-rounded view of the Panzerwaffe's impact and limitations.

Furthermore, Anderson's extensive use of primary sources, including personal accounts and official documents, adds a human dimension to the narrative. By incorporating a huge number of photographs, to supplement the narratives for each section of the Division, he brings to life the challenges faced by Panzer crews and their commanders. This approach humanizes the history and offers readers a glimpse into the emotional and psychological toll of warfare, complementing the more technical aspects of the book.

Anderson book also excels at shedding light on the lesser-known elements of the Panzer Division. Each Division was, in effect, a self-contained entity with its own motorized infantry, specialized artillery and reconnaissance. In addition, it also contained butchers, bakers, leather workers and tailors. Field kitchens, postal sections, medical, Engineers, transport, mechanical and military police also formed integral parts of the Panzer divisions. These logistical components were key enablers to the effectiveness of the Divisions. He skillfully examines their contributions, illustrating the challenges they faced and how they strove to overcome support capabilities that were often stretched well beyond their anticipated limitations; their success or failure often determined the effectiveness of the combat elements.

The book is undoubtedly a valuable resource, and despite the shear magnitude of the of information presented, Anderson’s style and approach ensure its ease of comprehension. His efforts to maintain a coherent narrative and provide clear explanations help mitigate this issue to a considerable extent.

In conclusion, "The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 3: The Panzer Division" by Thomas Anderson is an indispensable contribution to the study of World War II military history. With its thorough analysis, attention to detail, and insightful contextualization, the book offers a comprehensive overview of the Panzer divisions' role in the conflict. By combining technical analysis and detailed explanation, Anderson creates a work that appeals to both scholars and general readers interested in understanding the complexities of this tool of war.

Panzerartillerie: Firepower for the Panzer Divisions - Thomas Anderson

This review has been submitted to Military History Online.

Title: Panzerartillerie: Firepower for the Panzer Divisions
Author: Thomas Anderson
ISBN: 978-1-4728-2024-2
Publisher: Osprey
Year: 2019
Hardcover
Pages: 255
Photos/Maps: 100’s/0 

"Firepower for the Panzer Divisions" by Thomas Anderson is a comprehensive and meticulously researched book that delves into the critical role of panzer artillery in the success of the German Panzer Divisions during World War II. Anderson's work provides a deep understanding of how the combination of tanks and artillery formed a formidable force that shaped the course of the war.

In this insightful volume, Anderson explores the strategic importance of artillery within the context of panzer warfare. He adeptly illustrates how the coordination between tanks and artillery was a key factor in the Panzer Divisions' operational effectiveness. Anderson's writing not only highlights the technological advancements and innovations in panzer artillery but also emphasizes the tactical brilliance in employing these weapons on the battlefield.

One of the book's strengths is its meticulous attention to detail. Anderson provides a comprehensive analysis of various types of artillery utilized by the Panzer Divisions, ranging from self-propelled guns to towed howitzers. He meticulously describes the specifications, capabilities, and limitations of each artillery piece, enabling the reader to grasp their significant impact on combat outcomes. By incorporating numerous firsthand accounts, Anderson humanizes the technical information, offering readers a glimpse into the experiences of the soldiers who operated these weapons.

Anderson also skillfully examines the evolution of panzer artillery tactics throughout the war. He chronicles how the Panzer Divisions adapted to changing circumstances, such as the shift from open-field blitzkrieg to urban and defensive warfare. This adaptive approach underscores the flexibility and versatility of the panzer artillery units, showcasing their ability to influence battles across diverse terrains and scenarios.

The book's layout and presentation deserve commendation. Well-organized chapters, detailed diagrams, and an array of period photographs enhance the reader's understanding of the subject matter. Anderson's clear and engaging prose further contributes to the accessibility of the book, making it valuable for both military history enthusiasts and scholars.

However, "Firepower for the Panzer Divisions" could benefit from a more critical analysis of the operational implications of panzer artillery deployment. While the book focuses on the technical and tactical aspects, a broader examination of the consequences of this firepower on the overall conflict could deepen its significance.

In conclusion, Thomas Anderson's "Firepower for the Panzer Divisions" is a commendable addition to the literature on World War II military history. Through meticulous research and insightful analysis, Anderson highlights the pivotal role of panzer artillery in shaping the outcomes of key battles. This book serves as a valuable technical resource for readers seeking a comprehensive understanding of the synergy between tanks and artillery that defined the success of the German Panzer Divisions during one of the most significant periods in modern warfare.

Fated to Defeat: 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division Der SS 'Charlemagne' in the Struggle for Pomerania 1945 - Lukasz Gladysiak

This review has been submitted to Strategy and Tactics Magazine.

Title: Fated to Defeat: 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division Der SS 'Charlemagne' in the Struggle for Pomerania 1945
Author: Lukasz Gladysiak
ISBN: 978-1-912866-17-5
Publisher: Helion
Year: 2021
Softcover
Pages: 155
Photos/Maps: 55/3 

"Fated to Defeat: 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division Der SS 'Charlemagne' in the Struggle for Pomerania 1945" offers a comprehensive and chilling account of one of the most intriguing yet lesser-known chapters of World War II. Lukasz Gladysiak delves into the history of the 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division Der SS 'Charlemagne,' a unit composed primarily of foreign volunteers (mainly French) who fought under the banner of the SS from inception in 1942 through to the final days of the war. In this meticulously researched book, Gladysiak presents a detailed narrative of the division's involvement in the Battle of Pomerania, shedding light on the motivations, struggles, and fate of these soldiers.

Gladysiak's narrative skillfully weaves together the geopolitical context, personal testimonies, and military strategies that shaped the division's journey. He provides readers with a vivid depiction of the chaotic and desperate circumstances that characterized the Eastern Front in 1945. The author's attention to detail is evident in his exploration of the division's multinational composition, as volunteers from various countries, including France, Belgium, and Scandinavia, were drawn to the allure of Nazi ideology. These individual stories are juxtaposed with the broader military operations, offering a balanced perspective on the human experiences within the larger context of the war.

One of the strengths of this book lies in its objective and unflinching portrayal of the division's actions. Gladysiak does not shy away from depicting the atrocities committed by the 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division, making it clear that this unit was far from an honorable group of soldiers. This critical approach adds a layer of nuance to the narrative, challenging any romanticized notions that may have persisted about the division's role in history. The approach also provides context as to the motivation behind why so many Western European’s volunteered to fight for the Germans against what was perceived to be the scourge of Bolshevism.

Furthermore, Gladysiak's analysis of the division's strategic impact on the Battle of Pomerania is commendable. He skillfully dissects the division's successes and failures, examining how its presence affected the overall outcome of the battle and the wider war effort. By exploring the division's interactions with both the Allies and the Soviet forces, the book offers insights into the complex web of alliances and betrayals that marked the closing stages of the conflict. Additionally, the book facilitates a deeper appreciation of what motivated the Unit to continue fighting right through to the bitter battle of Berlin where it met its final demise.

"Fated to Defeat" is not without its limitations however, the historical context and military terminology may be challenging for readers lacking a more in-depth knowledge of World War II history. The book does, however, provide valuable insights into the experiences of individual soldiers, providing detailed  precis of the paths that some individual soldiers followed leading up to their involvement with the 33^rd. Readers will appreciate these in-depth personal narratives in enhancing the appreciation of the experiences of these men.

In conclusion, Lukasz Gladysiak's "Fated to Defeat: 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division Der SS 'Charlemagne' in the Struggle for Pomerania 1945" is a thought-provoking and meticulously researched account of a controversial and little-known chapter of World War II. By delving into the motivations, actions, and outcomes of the 33rd Waffen-Grenadier Division, Gladysiak offers a balanced and critical examination of the division's role in the Battle of Pomerania. This book serves as a valuable addition to the existing literature on World War II, shedding light on the complexities of wartime ideologies, alliances, and the human experiences that shaped history's darkest moments.

A Great Feat of Improvisation: Logistics and the British Expeditionary Force in France 1939-1940 - Clem Maginniss

This review has been submitted to the Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research 

Title: A Great Feat of Improvisation: Logistics and the British Expeditionary Force in France 1939-1940
Author: Clem Maginniss
ISBN: 978-1-913336-15-8
Publisher: Helion and Company
Year: 2021
Softcover
Pages: 578
Photos/Maps: 82/14 

In his groundbreaking book, "A Great Feat of Improvisation: Logistics and the British Expeditionary Force in France 1939-1940," Clem Maginniss offers a riveting and detailed analysis of the often-overlooked role of logistics during one of the most critical periods in World War II. By shedding light on the challenges faced by the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) during its time in France, Maginniss unveils the untold story of the remarkable logistical efforts that enabled the force to undertake operations despite the odds against it.

The book delves into the early stages of World War II, a time when the BEF, consisting of British and Allied troops, found itself confronting the formidable German war machine on French and Belgian soil. At the heart of their survival was the success of their logistical operations, meticulously managed by brilliant minds working behind the scenes. Maginniss's research highlights the profound importance of these operations, which were characterized by flexibility, innovation, and adaptability.

One of the central themes of the book is the resourcefulness of the British military leadership. Facing a formidable enemy and dealing with unforeseen circumstances, the BEF had to think on their feet and improvise solutions to unprecedented problems. Maginniss paints a vivid picture of how the logistics personnel overcame supply shortages, transportation challenges, and communication breakdowns, demonstrating their tenacity and ingenuity.

The author goes to great lengths to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the logistical operations. He meticulously explores the complexities of supply chains, transportation networks, and the challenges of coordinating with the French allies. Maginniss's attention to detail is commendable, as he dissects the decision-making processes that influenced crucial outcomes on the battlefield.

Furthermore, "A Great Feat of Improvisation" offers valuable insights into the interplay between logistics and military strategy. Maginniss argues convincingly that successful logistics can be as decisive as combat itself, as it enables an army to maintain its fighting capability and seize opportunities that might otherwise be lost. By weaving together historical events and strategic analyses, the book showcases the symbiotic relationship between logistics and military operations.

The narrative unfolds with a steady pace, maintaining the reader's engagement throughout. Maginniss carefully balances the technical aspects of logistics with the human elements, introducing us to the unsung heroes behind the scenes—the logisticians and support staff who worked tirelessly to keep the BEF operational. By providing personal anecdotes and testimonies, the author brings to life the challenges, frustrations, and triumphs faced by these remarkable individuals.

Despite its merits, "A Great Feat of Improvisation" may not be for casual readers seeking a light historical account. The level of detail and analysis might be overwhelming for those with limited knowledge of military history. However, for scholars, military enthusiasts, and anyone keen on gaining a deeper understanding of the logistical aspects of World War II, this book is an invaluable resource.

The book's only minor drawback is its somewhat narrow focus on the BEF in France during 1939-1940. While this allows for in-depth exploration, a broader perspective that includes other theaters of war and the war's later years could have provided a more holistic view of logistics in World War II.

In conclusion, Clem Maginniss's "A Great Feat of Improvisation: Logistics and the British Expeditionary Force in France 1939-1940" is a significant contribution to our understanding of the importance of logistics in military operations. By shedding light on the often-overlooked logistical efforts that supported the BEF during a critical period in history, Maginniss brings to the forefront a vital aspect of war that has long deserved recognition. This meticulously researched and well-written book is a must-read for anyone interested in military history and the untold stories of those who enabled the great feats of the past.

Commanding the Pacific: Marine Corp Generals in World War II - Stephen R. Taaffe

This review has been submitted to Leatherneck Magazine.

Title: Commanding the Pacific: Marine Corp Generals in World War II
Author: Stephen R. Taaffe
ISBN: 978-1-68247-708-3
Publisher: Navel Institute Press
Year: 2021
Hardcover
Pages: 232
Photos/Maps: 0/9

"Commanding the Pacific: Marine Corps Generals in World War II" by Stephen R. Taaffe delves into the remarkable contributions and strategic leadership of Marine Corps generals during one of the most pivotal conflicts in modern history. Taaffe's extensive research and insightful analysis bring to light the crucial roles played by these military leaders in shaping the outcome of the war in the Pacific theater. A meticulous attention to detail underpins the authors analysis. With a focus on the fifteen General Officers who led the Marine Corps six divisions and two corps throughout the Pacific War, the book offers a profound exploration of their actions, decisions, and the lasting impact they had on the outcome of the war. 

Taaffe's book offers a comprehensive account of the major Marine Corps generals and their leadership during World War II. The author provides a detailed examination of the pivotal battles and campaigns fought in the Pacific, such as Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Peleliu and Iwo Jima, while interweaving the stories of the generals who commanded these operations. Through meticulous research, Taaffe brings to life the strategic decisions, tactical innovations, and the immense challenges faced by these commanders. 

One of the book's strengths lies in its ability to present a balanced perspective on the Marine Corps generals. Taaffe portrays them as fallible human beings, highlighting their successes as well as their shortcomings. By delving into the complex personalities and leadership styles of these commanders, the author provides a nuanced understanding of their decision-making processes and the factors that influenced their strategic choices. Not the least of these factors being the highly constrained tactical environments within which the Marines were operating, against opponents who had time to develop intricate and deadly defensive works. This approach facilitates the reader appreciating the challenges associated with undertaking intricate operations from non-fixed support bases against enemies that were as much the unforgiving tropical environment as well as a highly motivated and competent Japanese. 

Taaffe's writing is engaging and accessible, making the book appealing to both military history enthusiasts and general readers. He skillfully combines historical analysis with personal anecdotes and vivid descriptions of the battles, evoking a sense of the immense sacrifices made by both the generals and the men under their command. The author's storytelling prowess adds depth and emotional resonance to the narrative, making it a compelling read from start to finish. 

Furthermore, "Commanding the Pacific" goes beyond individual biographies and battles to explore broader themes of military strategy and leadership. Taaffe examines the Marine Corps' evolving doctrine, the challenges of amphibious warfare, and the intricacies of joint operations with other branches of the military. This broader perspective offers valuable insights into the complexities of command and the interplay between strategic planning and battlefield execution. 

The book also sheds light on the organizational dynamics and inter-service rivalries that shaped the Marine Corps' role in the Pacific theater. Taaffe delves into the relationship between Marine Corps generals and their counterparts in the Army and Navy, illuminating the struggles for resources, influence, and autonomy. The Marines did not have representation at the strategic table where targeting was decided and thus had little to no influence on the allocation of resources and personnel. By exploring these dynamics, the author enriches our understanding of the broader military and political landscape of World War II. His crisply written study provides for an effective introduction into the relationships between these commanders as they waged war under appalling conditions in an extremely complex international conflict. Additionally, the book sheds light on how the Marine Corps leadership maintained morale and motivation amongst forces spread across the vast expanse of the Pacific Theatre of operations; in many cases isolated from traditional western conveniences. These challenges proved to be, in many respects, just as tasking and perplexing. 

"Commanding the Pacific: Marine Corps Generals in World War II" by Stephen R. Taaffe is an outstanding contribution to the study of military history. Taaffe's meticulous research, engaging narrative, and balanced perspective provide a profound exploration of the strategic leadership and contributions of Marine Corps generals in the Pacific theater. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in World War II, military strategy, or the complexities of leadership in the face of daunting challenges.

Clean Sweep: VIII Fighter Operations Against the Luftwaffe 1942-45 - Thomas McKelvey Cleaver

This review has been submitted to the RCAF Journal. 

Title: Clean Sweep: VIII Fighter Operations Against the Luftwaffe 1942-45
Author: Thomas McKelvey Cleaver
ISBN: 978-1-4728-5548-0
Publisher: Osprey Publishing
Year: 2023
Hardcover
Pages: 464
Photos/Maps: 32/1

"Clean Sweep VIII Fighter Command" by Thomas McKelvey Cleaver is an exhilarating and meticulously researched book that delves into the adrenaline-fueled world of aerial combat during World War II. With a focus on the heroic actions of the Eighth Fighter Command, Cleaver weaves together a compelling narrative that captures the danger, camaraderie, and sheer bravery of the pilots who took to the skies.

At the heart of this book is Cleaver's ability to bring history to life. Through vivid descriptions and meticulous attention to detail, he transports readers into the cockpits of the fighter planes, allowing them to experience the intense dogfights and the constant peril faced by these courageous pilots. The author's extensive knowledge of the aircraft, tactics, and historical context shines through, making the aerial battles feel authentic and engaging.

One of the book's greatest strengths lies in its portrayal of the individuals who fought in the war. Cleaver masterfully captures the personalities, fears, and aspirations of the pilots, allowing readers to form a deep emotional connection with them. Whether it's the seasoned veterans or the fresh-faced recruits, each individual is distinct and relatable, making their triumphs and losses all the more poignant. Cleaver goes beyond the statistics and headlines to humanize these heroes, giving readers a profound appreciation for their sacrifices.

Another commendable aspect of "Clean Sweep VIII Fighter Command" is Cleaver's ability to balance the big picture with personal anecdotes. While the book provides an overview of the Eighth Fighter Command's operations, it never loses sight of the individual stories that make up the larger narrative, providing it depth and pathos. Cleaver seamlessly weaves in personal accounts, interviews, and letters, offering glimpses into the thoughts and emotions of the men in the midst of battle. This approach not only adds an intensity to the book but also serves as a testament to the author's dedication to presenting a comprehensive and well-rounded perspective.

The pacing of the book is excellent, keeping readers engaged from the beginning to end. Cleaver expertly builds tension during the combat scenes, providing blow-by-blow accounts of the aerial engagements. The narrative moves swiftly, capturing the urgency, fear and chaos of the aerial war. At the same time, the author takes moments to reflect on the larger implications of the Eighth Fighter Command's actions, highlighting the significance of their contribution to the overall war effort.

One minor drawback of the book is that it assumes a certain level of familiarity with the historical context of World War II. While Cleaver provides enough background information to understand the events, readers who are new to the subject matter may find themselves occasionally overwhelmed by the abundance of names, dates, and technical details. However, this is a minor criticism in light of the book's overall quality and the author's clear expertise in the subject.

In conclusion, "Clean Sweep VIII Fighter Command" by Thomas McKelvey Cleaver is an outstanding book that offers an immersive and captivating account of the aerial combat during World War II. Cleaver's meticulous research, vivid storytelling, and empathetic portrayal of the pilots make this book a must-read for aviation enthusiasts, history buffs, and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the human side of war. With its thrilling narrative and historical accuracy, this book stands as a testament to the bravery and sacrifice of the Eighth Fighter Command and ensures their legacy will not be forgotten.

Last Panzer Battles in Hungary Spring 1945 - Norbert Szamveber

This review has been submitted to Iron Cross magazine. 

Title: Last Panzer Battles in Hungary Spring 1945
Author: Norbert Szamveber
ISBN: 978-6-155-58329-2
Publisher: Peko Publishing
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 487
Photos/Maps: 22/48

"Last Panzer Battles in Hungary" is a gripping and meticulously researched account of the final tank battles fought by German and Hungarian forces against the Soviet juggernaut during World War II. This book delves into the lesser-known theater of war in Hungary, shedding light on the last valiant struggles of the Panzer divisions against the advancing Soviet forces. With its vivid narrative, comprehensive analysis, and insightful commentary, "Last Panzer Battles in Hungary" provides an engrossing portrayal of the desperate battles that unfolded in the waning months of the war.

Szamveber starts by setting the stage, providing essential historical context to understand the significance of the battles that took place in Hungary. He outlines the strategic importance of Hungary as a vital logistical hub and the fierce determination of both sides to control this key territory. The author effectively captures the atmosphere of the time, illustrating the precarious situation faced by the Axis forces and the overwhelming strength of the Soviet Red Army.

One of the book's greatest strengths is its meticulous research and detailed analysis. Szamveber draws on a wide range of primary sources, including firsthand accounts, archival records, and military reports, to construct a comprehensive and accurate narrative. He deftly weaves together the perspectives of commanders, tank crews, infantrymen, and civilians, painting a multifaceted picture of the events and the human toll they exacted. Included in the work are comprehensive Operational tables outlining combat losses, available armoured assets and unit strengths for each of the opposing forces.

The heart of the book lies in its vivid descriptions of the battles themselves. The author skillfully describes the movements of tanks, the ebb and flow of the engagements, and the challenges faced by both sides. The tactical analysis is insightful, offering readers a deeper understanding of the strategies employed and the impact they had on the outcome of each battle. From the desperate efforts to relieve Budapest to the decisive clashes along the Danube River and culminating in the advance on Vienna the author's account provides the readers with a deeply immersive sense of the fighting.

In addition to the military aspects, "Last Panzer Battles in Hungary" excels in portraying the human stories that unfolded amidst the chaos of war. By incorporating personal anecdotes and recollections, Szamveber humanizes the soldiers and civilians involved, allowing readers to empathize with their experiences and sacrifices. The emotional impact of these personal accounts adds depth and resonance to the overall narrative.

The book is enriched by a wealth of maps, photographs, and tables. These visual aids help readers visualize the terrain, troop movements, and the devastating impact of the battles. The inclusion of detailed maps provides clarity, ensuring that readers can follow the events with ease. The visual elements enhance the reading experience and further contribute to the book's overall comprehensiveness.

The author presents a balanced perspective of the conflict, examining the strengths and weaknesses of both sides without bias. The author avoids sensationalism or exaggeration and presents a nuanced view of the fighting. Through this approach, he encourages readers to develop their own understanding of the events while acknowledging the immense challenges faced by the Axis forces as they fought against overwhelming odds.

"Last Panzer Battles in Hungary" is an exceptional work of historical literature that sheds light on a critical but often overlooked chapter of World War II. Norbert Szamveber’s meticulous research, compelling storytelling, and insightful analysis bring the battles to life, capturing both the grandeur and the human tragedy of war. This book is an invaluable resource for military history enthusiasts and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the final desperate struggles on the Eastern Front.

Blazing Star, Setting Sun: The Guadalcanal-Solomons Campaign November 1942 – March 1943 - Jeffrey R. Cox

This review has been submitted to the Canadian Naval Review.

Title: Blazing Star, Setting Sun: The Guadalcanal-Solomons Campaign November 1942 – March 1943
Author: Jeffrey R. Cox
ISBN: 978-1-4728-4046-2
Publisher: Osprey
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 512
Photos/Maps: 33/5

"Blazing Star, Setting Sun" by Jeffrey R. Cox is a well-written and thoroughly researched account of the Pacific War from the perspectives of the United States and Japan. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of the military strategies, tactics, and decisions made by both sides during the conflict, as well as their respective political, economic, and cultural contexts. The third book in his series on the Pacific War, he continues to impress with the quality of his research and writing. This book covers the 5 month brutal period of the Battle for Guadalcanal and the Solomon Islands marking a sea change as the West began its inexorable rise and the Japanese their descent in the War of the Pacific.

One of the strengths of the book is Cox's ability to bring to life the individuals who played pivotal roles in the Pacific War. Cox masterfully weaves together the personal stories of key military and political figures, such as Admiral Chester Nimitz, General Douglas MacArthur, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, and Prime Minister Hideki Tojo, within the larger historical narrative. Through these personal stories, the reader gains a deeper understanding of the motivations, fears, and aspirations that drove these leaders and shaped their decisions.

The book is also noteworthy for its balanced and nuanced portrayal of both the American and Japanese perspectives. Cox does not shy away from describing the brutality of the war on both sides, nor does he hesitate to critique the mistakes and shortcomings of both the United States and Japan. In doing so, he offers a more complete and complex understanding of the Pacific War that is often lacking in other accounts.

One of the most interesting themes of the book is the role of intelligence in shaping the outcome of the war. Cox highlights the importance of both human intelligence (i.e., spies and informants) and signals intelligence (i.e., intercepted radio messages) in providing critical information that allowed both sides to gain advantages over their opponents. He also demonstrates how the ability to read and interpret intelligence was often the deciding factor in battles and campaigns, such as the Battle of Midway and the Guadalcanal Campaign.

Perhaps the only weakness of the book is its focus on the military and political aspects of the war to the exclusion of other important dimensions, such as the social and cultural impact of the conflict on the people of the United States and Japan. While Cox touches on these issues, they are not given as much attention as they could have been. However, this is a minor criticism given the scope and depth of the book.

Overall, "Blazing Star, Setting Sun" is an outstanding account of the Pacific War that will appeal to anyone interested in military history, international relations, or the human experience of war. Cox's prose is clear and engaging, and his analysis is insightful and thought-provoking. This book is a must-read for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the Pacific War and its lasting impact on the world.

Selling Schweinfurt: Targeting, Assessment, and Marketing in the Air Campaign Against German Industry - Brian D Vlaun

This review has been submitted to the RCAF Journal.

Title: Selling Schweinfurt: Targeting, Assessment, and Marketing in the Air Campaign Against German Industry
Author: Brian D Vlaun
ISBN: 978-1-682-47536-2
Publisher: Naval Institute Press
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 303
Photos/Maps: 15/0

In his book "Selling Schweinfurt: Targeting, Assessment, and Marketing in the Air Campaign against German Industry," author Brian D. Vlaun examines the complex process of target selection and assessment in the Allied air campaign against German industry during World War II. Vlaun draws on a wide range of sources, including official government records, personal papers, and contemporary media reports, to provide a detailed account of how the Allied air forces identified and prioritized targets for bombing.

The book is divided into three main parts. In the first part, Vlaun provides an overview of the Allied air campaign against German industry, emphasizing the strategic importance of targeting key industrial centers. He discusses the challenges faced by the Allies in terms of target selection, including the difficulty of accurately assessing the effectiveness of bombing raids and the need to balance strategic objectives with operational realities.

In the second part of the book, Vlaun delves into the system of target selection and assessment. He describes the various methods used by the Allies to identify potential targets, including aerial reconnaissance, intelligence gathering, and analysis of German industry's organizational structure. He also examines the complex process of prioritizing targets based on their strategic value and vulnerability.

One of the most interesting aspects of Vlaun's analysis is his discussion of the role of marketing in the Allied air campaign. He argues that the Allies relied heavily on propaganda and psychological operations to sell their bombing campaign to the public, both at home and abroad. For example, the famous "bomber boys" of the US Eighth Air Force were promoted as heroes and symbols of American determination to defeat the Nazi regime. Vlaun suggests that this kind of marketing played an important role in sustaining public support for the bombing campaign, even in the face of mounting casualties and criticism.

In the final part of the book, Vlaun assesses the effectiveness of the Allied air campaign against German industry. He argues that while the bombing campaign did have a significant impact on the German war economy, its overall strategic value has been overstated. Vlaun notes that the Allied air forces failed to achieve their primary objective of crippling German industry, due in part to the resilience and adaptability of the German war machine. Additionally, he makes the argument that the “behind the scenes” political machinations surrounding the relevance and effectiveness of the air campaign and, by extension, the maintenance of a separate Air Force, was a driving factor in ensuring that the 8^th Air Force conclusively demonstrate that it was able to decisively impact the Germans ability to continue prosecuting the war. Vlaun also undertakes an insightful analysis of a US intelligence community that was created only as the air war intensified in 1942-43 and thus has little to no operational experience from which to develop its processes and doctrine.

The results of a very junior service striving to justify itself while concurrently validating an air campaign replete with political undercurrents, was that the Air Force intelligence community was highly motivated to produce assessments that justified the operational effort and supported the strategic focus on ball-bearing and oil production facilities as a means of hamstringing the German military industrial complex. This, despite the fact, that there was little to practically show in the way of a tangible negative impact upon the German industrial sector.

Overall, "Selling Schweinfurt" is a well-written and thoroughly researched book that provides a fascinating insight into the complexities of target selection and assessment in the context of the Allied air campaign against German industry. Vlaun's analysis is nuanced and insightful, and he does an excellent job of balancing the strategic and operational aspects of the bombing campaign with the human and ethical implications of aerial warfare.

"Selling Schweinfurt" is an superb addition to the growing body of literature on the Allied air campaign against Germany during World War II. It is an important reminder of the complexity and human cost of aerial warfare, and a valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of military strategy and tactics. It also serves as an outstanding case study of the impact of outside influences and internal assumptions on the quality of product that an organization might produce.

The 7th Guards Army form Kursk to Prague 1943-1945 - Dann Falk

 This review has been submitted to Iron Cross magazine.

Title: The 7th Guards Army form Kursk to Prague 1943-1945
Author: Dann Falk
ISBN: 978-1-732-60742-2
Publisher: Falken Books
Year: 2022
Softcover
Pages: 547
Photos/Maps: 56/77 

Much has been written at the macro-level about operations on the Eastern Front during WW2. Dann Falk has uniquely decided to focus his efforts on the operational history of the 7^th Guards Army (formally the 64^th Army) and, in this second installment, traces its activities from Stalingrad to the end of the war in Prague. Due to its stellar performance in defence of the southern region around Stalingrad, it was one of only 11 Infantry Armies and 5 Tank Armies that would receive the Guards designation from Stalin throughout the war. 

Falk’s approach to writing entails a daily synopsis of the activities of the Combined Arms Infantry Army, challenges that it faced and the efforts of the Germans on those days to counter the Soviet maneuvers. Thus it is that each day provides a unique snapshot of the Eastern Front within an ongoing narrative. Falk’s research is phenomenal and the level of detail both in terms of personnel and equipment as well as activities is noteworthy. In addition, he weaves accounts of specific elements of the adversaries (such as logistics, women in combat, operational environments and personal anecdotal narrative) that add depth and complexity to the account. 

Particular consideration needs to be paid to the high quality of the charts and maps provided by the author as references to the narrative; each was drawn and drafted by the author. Thus, unlike many histories of the region that use original German or Soviet maps that, while interesting, are, in many cases, of limited value due to their language and complexity, the maps provided by Falk are clear, easy to follow and provide excellent references to actions within the storyline. The charts that he developed present an excellent synopsis of different aspects of the book being discussed; particularly those of the conclusion at the end of the book that provide first-rate summaries of pan war achievements of the 7^th Army as well as available Soviet forces for ongoing operations should that have been necessary. 

Falk has drafted a brilliant, yet highly readable, account of the exploits of this superb fighting Army. His attention to detail is impressive and his research comprehensive; however, these aspects of the book do not prevent the reader from appreciating the full spectrum of experiences associated with the complexity of operations on the eastern Front. His anecdotal style and operational assessments serve to highlight the continuing professional development of the Army in terms of joint competency as the War progressed. The author does not hesitate to present an unvarnished account, at the personal level, of the humour, tragedy, and brutality of the conflict from both the German and Soviet perspectives with a strong emphasis on the latter. This work is a nuanced and very balanced assessment of the Soviet forces covering the spectrum of operational and logistical support elements in equal measure. 

The quality of the publication is excellent, the font easy to read and the layout of the book clear and concise. Falk has provided an extremely comprehensive bibliography that gives the reader the opportunity to follow up through a myriad of primary and secondary sources. This book is an outstanding source for those who are either serious WW2 bibliophiles or casual historians.

Fortress Budapest Vol 1 and 2: The Siege of the Hungarian Capital 1944-45 - Kamen Nevenkin

This review has been submitted to the Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research

Title: Fortress Budapest Vol 1 and 2: The Siege of the Hungarian Capital 1944-45
Author: Kamen Nevenkin
ISBN: 978-615-80072-5-2
Publisher: PeKo Publishing
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 1107 Vol 1, 467 Vol 2
Photos/Maps: Vol 2 is all maps and photographs

Periodically one comes across a work of such depth and detail that it must surely be immediately ranked as the standard operational and tactical analysis of a particular event available to historians and military enthusiasts. These books by Bulgarian historian Nevenkin fall into that category. The authors lens encapsulates the entire 108 day campaign by the Soviets to seal off and capture the Hungarian capital of Budapest; transitioning from the macro level to the micro as he focuses upon the 50 days of fighting within the city itself. His narrative seamlessly swings from the Soviets to the Hungarian and German defenders who had turned the city into a fortress of hardpoints and mutually supporting gun positions. Caught between these forces were the civilians, desperate to escape and survive.

Nevenkin was able to draw upon previously unavailable primary source material from Russian and Hungarian archives to augment those from the German military. This has facilitated a level of detail, from multiple perspectives, formally impossible in his discussion of the unfolding combat; of particular note, the author has combined period photographs and maps to recreate visual representations of strongpoints within the city, including arcs of fire for artillery, machine gun and anti-tank nests, right down to the individual city block. In addition to providing the reader with a street level appreciation of the nature of the fighting, he has also provided an unprecedented level of visual detail, at the tactical level, of the complexity of fighting in built up areas. 

Interspersed within the narrative are hundreds of recollections by the officers and soldiers participating in the brutal fighting around and within Budapest. These stories serve to add a more personal sheen to the discussion of unit movement and engagements, serving to remind the reader that behind the words and numbers are real human beings, dying and being wounded in their thousands. Certainly, one is struck by the mass that the Soviets were able to bring to the fight in terms of both men and material. However, it is not only this that stands out; Eastern Front historians will note the progress made by the Soviets in combined arms attacks at the tactical and operational levels as well as the significant improvement in their strategic orchestration at the Corps, Army and Front levels. It is evident that Axis troops still maintained a clear superiority in terms of leadership, soldier skills and equipment; but the gap was noticeably closing. It is also obvious that, whatever delta remained between the Soviet and Axis forces, this was further diminished by the growing material imbalance between the forces engaged. 

It is insightful to note that as the ring closed and tightened around Budapest, the Axis leadership resorted to more and more desperate measures to keep the trapped forces resupplied. Bombers, gliders and transport aircraft were all used to deliver supplies; Nevenkin’s discussion of these efforts is both detailed and very engaging as he draws upon the journals and diaries of aircrew involved in these efforts. It is also indicative of the continued effectiveness of the Luftwaffe at this late point in the war (late 44-Jan 45). 

This two volume set on the battles leading up to investment of Budapest, the siege and ultimate capture of the city and the attempted breakout by Axis forces, may easily be considered to be the seminal work on this event. The level of detail, the seamless incorporation of first person accounts, the research and reproduction of maps and photographs all serve to emphasize the incredible level of research and work of history that the author has produced. This book is not for the casual reader, although the style of writing makes it more than accessible, but rather, fulfils the dual role of outstanding historical resource and battle study superbly. It is also important to note that while this book is an analysis of the combat raging around and within the Hungarian Capital, it is also built upon a foundation of the storied history between Hungary and its eastern neighbours. The author is to be commended for an excellent work and Peko Publishing for their continued superb quality of production.

Panzers on the Vistula: Retreat and Route in East Prussia 1945 - Hans Schaufler

This review has been submitted to War History Online.

Title: Panzers on the Vistula: Retreat and Route in East Prussia 1945
Author: Hans Schaufler
ISBN: 978-1-526-73431-0
Publisher: Pen and Sword
Year: 2018
Hardcover
Pages: 139
Photos/Maps: 42/6

The author served as a member of the 4^th Panzer Division from 1939-1945. Commencing his career as soldier, he finished the war as a 2^nd Lieutenant and signals officer for Panzer Regiment 35 of the 4^th Panzer. This autobiography of his experiences commences in the dying days of the war as 4^th Panzer grapples with the Soviets during the three battles of the Kurland Pocket (encompassing the Baltic region of Latvia). These battles, running from October 1944 until early January, 1945 culminated in 4^th Panzer being evacuated by sea to the port of Danzig where the main narrative of the book begins. The author establishes himself as a thoughtful and insightful observer, well placed to present the reader with a strong sense of the environment within which he carried out his duties. 

The discussion of the fighting in the Danzig region is of particular note for a number of reasons. As the situation for the Germans continued to deteriorate, Shaufler notes the difference between units that maintain their discipline (such as his) and those that fracture. He discusses at some length the impact that leadership and unit pride has on continued cohesion and effectiveness, even in the face of catastrophe. Additionally, one is struck by the ability of the Germans to continue to logistically support their forces. While it was getting more difficult to maintain effective supply lines, Schaufler remarks repeatedly on how they were able to overcome. Given the pressure from the Soviet forces, the reinforcement of the Regiment with 27 new panther tanks in late February, 1945 serves as a good example. 

The book is not limited to discussion of the military elements of the author’s experiences. He highlights at length about the impact upon the non-combatant population of the fighting. As the Danzig region was cut off from a land route back to Germany by the Soviet forces, the civilian population became more desperate for a way out. Refugees clogging the roads impacted the ability of German forces to move throughout the region. Also, the limited naval support available to carry people and equipment out, had to be balanced between military forces critical to the ongoing defence of Germany, and the civilian population trapped within the pocket. Typical of the tragedy of this time was the sinking of the Goya, a liner, that was evacuating 7000 civilians and soldiers out of the Danzig area. The author narrowly missed being a passenger but lost hundreds of his comrades when a submarine sunk the ship on 16 April, 1945. Only 137 people were rescued. 

The story that the author relates regarding his and a few of his comrades, eventual escape back to Germany via a small watercraft following the cessation of hostilities on May 8, 1945, is an adventure in itself. His description of the chaos, luck and determination to return to Germany proper is an excellent synopsis of the desperation and anarchy evident in Central Europe as the war came to a close. He has also included first person accounts of those soldiers who escaped to Sweden only to be turned over to the Soviets months after the war was over as well as those who did not escape and were interred for years in Soviet prisons. 

Overall a very interesting and engaging read. This is a tactical, street level perspective on the closing days of the war and its immediate aftermath. While there are no references provided, the author presents a passionate and insightful account of his and his comrades’ experiences.

Retribution: The Soviet Reconquest of Western Ukraine, 1943-44 - Prit Buttar

This review has been submitted to Iron Cross Magazine. 

Title: Retribution: The Soviet Reconquest of Western Ukraine, 1943-44
Author: Prit Buttar
ISBN: 978-1-4728-3532-1
Publisher: Osprey Publishing
Year: 2019
Softcover
Pages: 472

Retribution follows as the fourth book in the author’s World War 2 Eastern Front series. Picking up the narrative following the climactic Battle of Kursk, the author details the gradual withdrawal of the German forces back towards the western edge of the Ukraine. Despite continued superior German tactical skill and equipment, it was evident that Soviet tactical and operational competence were steadily improving. Regardless of desperate German resistance and their success at blunting many of the Soviet drives, German forces were gradually but inexorably being worn down by the unremitting Soviet pressure. Hampered by Hitler’s micromanagement and ‘not one step back’ orders, German commanders struggled to maintain operational cohesion. Nevertheless, through the use of ‘fire-brigade’ mobile forces and the selective ignoring of Hitler’s orders, the Germans were able to avoid the destruction of their depleted, but still intact, armies as the they fell back towards the Ukrainian border. Such was the depth of Soviet strength that even the significant natural barriers of the Dniepr and the Donets rivers proved insufficient to halt them. Ultimately, it was the reality of extended lines of logistics and the massive loss of men and material that led to the halt of the westward drive of the Soviets and allowed the Germans a respite within which to regroup. 

The authors weaving of individual experiences and stories, from both sides of the conflict, into the greater narrative lends both depth and a human element to his work. The reader is able to appreciate that behind the units and causality lists, there are individuals who were experiencing a degree of drama that truly beggars the imagination. It is this skill that sets this author’s work apart from many of the more academic works of operational analysis that have been written about World War 2. Additionally, one is better able to appreciate the true vastness and complexity of the operations taking place; what has to happen to ensure the continued forward drive of the frontline units, how are commanders able to manage millions of soldiers and their equipment across thousands of kilometers of battleground and a myriad of other trials to be overcome. The ability of the author to capture the essence of these types of questions and be able to give the reader a small sense of the pressure and challenge experienced daily by the soldiers and officers involved is truly noteworthy. 

Included in this work are a series of excellent maps and notes as well as a comprehensive bibliography. For lovers of military history, military professionals from both an operational and support background, and students of the art of war, this work is an outstanding addition to anyone’s library and professional development reading list. Buttar is to be commended on another outstanding contribution to the history of a theatre of war that has not had the attention that it deserves.

COSSAC: Lt.Gen. Sir Frederick Morgan and the Genesis of Operation Overlord - Stephen C Kepher

This review has been submitted to the Journal of the Society for 

Army Historical Research

Title: COSSAC: Lt.Gen. Sir Frederick Morgan and the Genesis of Operation Overlord
Author: Stephen C Kepher
ISBN: 978-1-68247-508-9
Publisher: Naval Institute Press
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 300
Photos/Maps: 16/3

The development of the plan for the Allied invasion of the European mainland (Op Overlord) remains as one of the most complex military operations in history. Much has been written and studied relating to the actual invasion itself; however, the effort that went into the conceptualization and development of the plan itself has been generally overlooked in the discussion. Kepher’s book sheds light not only on the method by which the plan unfolded but also the myriad of other factors that had to be taken into account that were unique to this operation: the amphibious element, the multinational C2 issues, the integration of naval, air and land elements, the political facets and, central throughout, the role of LGen Morgan to the success of the project. 

This is the authors first book and he does an admirable job of recreating the environment within which Morgan was to operate. The author undertakes a noteworthy discussion and analysis of perhaps the greatest obstacle facing Morgan, in explaining to his readership, who have grown up in the era of multinational operations and NATO, what it was like for the Allies to create, from scratch and with little to no precedence, a planning team for the invasion. Exacerbating this challenge was that while Morgan as COSSAC (Chief of Staff Supreme Allied Commander) was expected to develop and plan the operation, there was no Supreme Allied Commander appointed. Thus he had no ‘top cover; for the decisions that he was making, nor guidance on the myriad of questions to be answered. Kepher’s liberal use of Morgan’s diaries of the period add additional depth and resonance to the narrative. 

This work serves as an excellent reference for anyone (military or civilian) undertaking a role in which they are working with a consortium of different nationalities, industries or political affiliations. Morgan’s experiences and those of his staff, highlight the benefits and pitfalls associated with these kinds of interactions. What serves as the best means of interaction, how does one undertake conflict resolution, what is the method to best address accusations of external favoritism by ones own government and military? All these examples, and more, are discussed at length through Morgan, and his staffs, own words and experiences. 

The author has included significant additional data in the annexes, thus providing the reader with tangible references covering command structures and relationships, force structures, actual documentation from Morgan providing synopsis of his planning as well as selected abbreviations and acronyms. Kepher deliberately refrains from excessive use of military acronyms and slang in an effort to keep the narrative accessible to the average reader. Additionally, he provides comprehensive endnotes and bibliography that serve to suggest additional avenues of inquiry for the reader. 

The Naval Institute Press have published a high quality book that is both an outstanding rendition of the staff and planning work behind one of the most complex military operations in recent times as well as an excellent professional development tool. Highly recommended for the casual and professional historian alike. 

The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 1 1939-1942 - Thomas Anderson

 This review has been submitted to Iron Cross magazine.

Title: The History of the Panzerwaffe Vol 1 1939-1942
Author: Thomas Anderson
ISBN: 978-1-4728-0812-7
Publisher: Osprey Publishing
Year: 2015
Hardcover
Pages: 304
Photos/Maps: 100’s/0

Military historians interested in the development, from its very earliest stages, of the German Panzer forces, will be drawn to this work. Going back to the very first tanks utilized by the Germans (captured British Mark IV’s), Anderson traces the concurrent development of both the physical and doctrinal elements of the Panzer. Included in this analysis is the effect of defeat in the World War One on the mindset of the German military leadership. As Anderson discusses, defeat, while nationally tragic for the Germans, opened them to the revolutionary changes that the Panzer brought to the doctrinal table. 

Anderson’s book may be broken down into roughly three sections: the introduction of the tank and the recognition of its impact on the battlefield of World War One, the interwar period where the doctrine of panzer operations advanced (even without actual tanks in the early postwar period) concurrent with technical innovation, and the transition from concept to reality in the first three years of World War Two. The author draws from and refers to a myriad of relevant primary source material (lessons learned, after-action reports and combat reports etc) in order to facilitate the readers understanding of how the Germans arrived at the revolutionary concept of the Panzer Division and its role in Blitzkrieg. It is noteworthy that the development of this doctrine and the tool to execute it was not a direct line but entailed a significant amount of testing and development. What is critical to appreciate however, is that the Germans were much more open to the potential of the Panzer than were their adversaries. 

Anderson also ensures that the reader is made aware of the variety of technical innovations that the Germans undertook in order to recognize the widest possible use of the panzer and its ancillary support elements. Thus it was that developers and engineers were given full support by the armed forces in improving the effectiveness of the tank. Additionally, captured Allied equipment was quickly analyzed and innovations incorporating or countering their design advantages were efficiently integrated into German designs and doctrine. 

The author looks at the effectiveness and role of the Panzerwaffe in the Polish, Norwegian, Western Desert and Eastern Campaigns. His analysis is concise, insightful and relevant as the Panzer Division takes it final form prior to Operation Barbarossa. The nature of the authors discussion is not steeped in technical verbiage but in a manner that the layman may appreciate. In addition to the formal documentation reviewed by the author, inclusion of first person recollections of combat as well as life in the tanks, adds depth and a ‘personal’ edge to the book. 

Overall, this is an excellent visual as well as narrative work. Replete with photographs and technical charts on the tanks themselves, it contains a trove of useful information. Osprey has published a book of the highest quality. Unfortunately, no bibliography has been provided; however, this does not negate the utility of this work as an excellent study of the early development and use of the armoured forces of Germany.

Narvik: The Struggle of Battle Group Dietl in the Spring of 1940 - Alex Buchner (Translated by Janice Ancker)

This review has been submitted to Air Force

Magazine. 

Title: Narvik: The Struggle of Battle Group Dietl in the Spring of 1940
Author: Alex Buchner (Translated by Janice Ancker)
ISBN: 978-1-61200-917-9
Publisher: Casemate Publishing
Year: 2020
Hardcover
Pages: 218
Photos/Maps: 0/9 

The German invasion of Norway, in April/May 1940, is viewed by many as another example of German military prowess and the Allied response one of incompetence and vacillation. In many respects that is true, however, the battle that took place over the Northern port of Narvik stands out as a particularly vivid example of missed opportunity by the Allies and a mixture of tenacity and great luck on the part of the Germans. 

This work, part of “Die Wehrmacht im Kampf” series from Casemate, was originally published in the late 1950’s by Buchner who was present at the battle as part of the German Mountain Troops. He was thus able to draw upon not only the recollections of his compatriots but also his own experiences during the fighting. Written solely from the perspective of the German forces present, it is the first time in English that a narrative of the fighting has been available exclusively from that viewpoint. 

Originally deployed as the most northern element of the invasion forces, a convoy made up of ten destroyers ferried at high speed, 2,700 German Mountain troops with only their personal kit and a minimum of additional supplies to Narvik in order to seize this key port for the export of Swedish ore. All of their follow-on supplies, specialized winter warfare kit and heavy weapons were to follow in a second echelon of support ships expected within 48 hours of their arrival. Unfortunately for the Germans, while their seizure of Narvik and its surrounding area went generally as planned, the Royal Navy succeeded in surprising and sinking all 10 of the German destroyers as well as all save one of the follow-on support ships. Thereby isolated and cut off from support, the Germans, numbering 2,700 Mountain Troops and 2,600 Naval personnel, were faced with holding off at least five times as many Allied soldiers, readily supplied by the Royal Navy who controlled the sea access. However, under the inspired leadership of Generalleutnant Dietl, the Germans, utilizing audacity, initiative, skill and daring (and enjoying more than a fair degree of luck) managed to hold off the more pedestrian efforts on the part of the Allies to oust them from their tenuous hold on Narvik. 

What stands out in this narrative are the critical roles that leadership and morale played in the German success. Buchner relates, in very telling prose, the incredibly debilitating environment within which the Germans had to operate. Northern Norway in April and May is a very hostile winter climate which would have challenged the finest of troops let alone a force that was comprised half of Naval personnel now being used in a Mountain Infantry role. The author describes the methods the German leadership took to both integrate these men into infantry roles and also to fully utilize the specialist skills that they possessed (communications, support and small watercraft control). The Germans showed great skill at taking full advantage of the resources that were available to them.

The writing style of the author is surprisingly engaging. The reader is able to fully appreciate not only the challenges of the environment but of the formidable skill of the German soldiers and officers in adjusting to a fluid and dynamic combat environment. One is left with a distinct appreciation of the benefits of hard training, audacious leadership throughout the chain of command and a deep-rooted belief by the Germans in competency of their Commanders. 

The book is a good quality publication although pictures would have added to the general presentation. The maps provided at the front were in German from the original publication but are able to be used to follow the unfolding events. A series of appendices outline orders of battle at various points for the opposing forces, orders and directives and timelines for the reinforcement of the German forces. The author has also included a comprehensive bibliography (utilizing German primary source material) as well as thorough notes section. Overall, a well written and very interesting book that would serve as an excellent counter point to publications of Allied efforts in Norway.